Illustrative Example · Earnings Quality Review

Summit Service Group

TTM ended August 2026 · Management discussion version

This fictional company and all figures are synthetic. Evidence references demonstrate the review method; they are not actual documents or client results. This is not an audit, assurance report, forecast, or valuation opinion.

01 Executive Summary

Higher earnings, with adjustments that deserve attention.

Summit generates $8.2 million of trailing revenue. Reported EBITDA of $742,000 bridges to $1,005,000 after $263,000 of net adjustments. Adjustments represent 26.2% of adjusted EBITDA, so the quality of the evidence matters as much as the headline.

The immediate management questions are whether utilization gains persist, whether collections convert earnings into cash, and which proposed adjustments would survive independent scrutiny.

02 Historical Financial Performance

Measure ($000s)20242025TTM Aug 2026
Revenue7,1007,7208,200
Reported EBITDA568665742
Net Adjustments177185263
Adjusted EBITDA7458501,005
Adjusted EBITDA Margin10.5%11.0%12.3%

TTM is a rolling twelve-month period, not an additional calendar year. Margin equals adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue.

03 Earnings Bridge

Bridge Item$000s
Reported EBITDA742
Owner compensation above market+185
One-time legal settlement+62
Personal vehicle and travel+38
Non-recurring ERP implementation+55
Related-party rent to market−48
Deferred maintenance normalization−29
Adjusted EBITDA1,005

Positive and negative normalizations are considered together. Adjusted EBITDA is an analytical measure, not cash available for distribution.

04 Adjustment Schedule

Proposed Adjustment$000sEvidence Required
Owner compensation above market+185Payroll detail and replacement-role benchmark
One-time legal settlement+62Settlement agreement and general-ledger tie-out
Personal vehicle and travel+38Transaction-level review and business-purpose test
Non-recurring ERP implementation+55Invoices separated from recurring support
Related-party rent to market−48Lease and comparable-market rent analysis
Deferred maintenance normalization−29Maintenance history and sustainable-cost estimate

Each adjustment needs a source, rationale, period, and recurring/non-recurring assessment. Owner compensation must reflect the cost of replacing the role. Unresolved claims remain flagged, not silently accepted.

05 Operating Driver Analysis

August revenue of $684,156 equals 142 completed jobs × $4,818 average job value. July revenue of $631,140 equals 134 × $4,710, producing the 8.4% monthly increase.

Synthetic figures. Jobs completed and average job value reconcile to the $684.2k revenue shown in the executive brief.
Operating driverAug 2026Jul 2026Financial link
Jobs completed142134
Average job value$4,818$4,710
Billable utilization78.4%75.9%
Rework rate3.1%4.6%
Backlog (weeks)6.25.4

Revenue growth reflects both volume and average job value. Utilization and rework should be reviewed alongside job mix before attributing margin improvement to a single cause.

06 Scenario Analysis

Adjust the same company's TTM baseline. This sensitivity holds documented adjustments constant and separates operating income from EBITDA.

Keystone Reporting GroupOperating lever model / illustration
Summit Service Group · TTM August 2026What could move the earnings number?
Illustrative Example
Projected revenue$8,200,000From $8,200,000 baseline
Operating income$622,000From $622,000
Adjusted EBITDA$1,005,000From $1,005,000 baseline
Base operating income$622,000
Gross-margin change+$0
Overhead change+$0
Contribution from revenue growth+$0
Modeled operating income$622,000
Depreciation & Amortization+$120,000
Documented net adjustments+$263,000
Adjusted EBITDA$1,005,000
Adjusted EBITDA outlookIllustrative four-year view
Adjusted EBITDA before and after the selected operating leversNowYear 1Year 2Year 3Year 4

The future view compounds the selected revenue change each year and holds the margin and overhead changes constant. It is a sensitivity, not a forecast.

Decision note

Move one assumption at a time. The value is not the forecast itself, it is seeing which operating change is large enough to deserve a plan.

+$0

07 Key Observations

  1. The adjustment burden is material. Evidence quality is a priority before a financing conversation.
  2. Utilization increased 2.5 percentage points, while rework declined 1.5 points. Neither proves a causal margin improvement without job-level analysis.
  3. Profit does not establish liquidity. Receivables aging, payment timing, and maintenance commitments need a separate cash view.

08 Management Priorities

TimingActionDecision Test
First 30 DaysValidate compensation, rent, and one-time costsRetain, revise, or exclude each proposed adjustment
Days 31–60Reconcile job margin and collection agingPrioritize work by contribution and cash timing
Days 61–90Review capacity and pricing scenariosCommit only after operating thresholds are met
QuarterlyRefresh forecast and decision registerCompare actual outcomes with the original assumptions

09 Data Notes

Illustrative inputs are a trial balance, P&L, general ledger, payroll detail, AR/AP aging, job log, and an assumptions register. Accounting periods and operating dates must be aligned, intercompany items identified, and source totals reconciled before analysis.

Dollar amounts are rounded for presentation. Historical EBITDA starts before depreciation and amortization; the scenario separately adds $120,000 of D&A to $622,000 of operating income, then the same $263,000 net adjustments.

10 Methodology

  1. 01

    Establish

    Reconcile financial and operational sources.

  2. 02

    Normalize

    Separate sustainable performance from temporary, unusual, or discretionary items.

  3. 03

    Explain

    Connect financial outcomes with operating drivers.

  4. 04

    Prioritize

    Identify the decisions with the greatest financial impact.

  5. 05

    Operate

    Build a recurring reporting cadence around those decisions.

Document sources and limitations, test adjustments in both directions, and agree the management decision before designing the output. A formal valuation requires a credentialed appraiser.

Data & Security

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